"(j)ęčьmy" meaning in All languages combined

See (j)ęčьmy on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: From Early Proto-Slavic *ińčímūn. Unknown. Sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”) (see *ǫkotь (“hook”)), but the semantics are dubious. Alternatively, to Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”), Latin acus (“bran; awn”), Old English ēar (“ear of grain”), Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”), Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”), though Beekes rejects the Greek connection. This suffers phonetic problems, namely that *č is unexpected and the nasal vowel would be unexplained. A third possibility is substrate origin, like many other agricultural terms in Indo-European. Etymology templates: {{unk|sla-pro}} Unknown, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*h₂enk-||to bend}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”), {{cog|grc|ἀκοστή||barley}} Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”), {{cog|la|acus||bran; awn|id=bran}} Latin acus (“bran; awn”), {{cog|ang|ēar||ear of grain}} Old English ēar (“ear of grain”), {{cog|got|𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰||awn; chaff}} Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”), {{cog|txb|āk||ear, awn}} Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”), {{m+|ine-pro|*h₂eḱ-||sharp, pointed; awn}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”), {{der|sla-pro|qfa-sub}} substrate Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|g=m|stem=n}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ęčьmy [nominative, singular], jęčьmy [nominative, singular], ęčьmeni [dual, nominative], jęčьmeni [dual, nominative], ęčьmene [nominative, plural], jęčьmene [nominative, plural], ęčьmene [genitive, singular], jęčьmene [genitive, singular], ęčьmenu [dual, genitive], jęčьmenu [dual, genitive], ęčьmenъ [genitive, plural], jęčьmenъ [genitive, plural], ęčьmeni [dative, singular], jęčьmeni [dative, singular], ęčьmenьma [dative, dual], jęčьmenьma [dative, dual], ęčьmenьmъ [dative, plural], jęčьmenьmъ [dative, plural], ęčьmenь [accusative, singular], jęčьmenь [accusative, singular], ęčьmeni [accusative, dual], jęčьmeni [accusative, dual], ęčьmeni [accusative, plural], jęčьmeni [accusative, plural], ęčьmenьmь [instrumental, singular], jęčьmenьmь [instrumental, singular], ęčьmenьma [dual, instrumental], jęčьmenьma [dual, instrumental], ęčьmenьmi [instrumental, plural], jęčьmenьmi [instrumental, plural], ęčьmene [locative, singular], jęčьmene [locative, singular], ęčьmenu [dual, locative], jęčьmenu [dual, locative], ęčьmenьxъ [locative, plural], jęčьmenьxъ [locative, plural], ęčьmy [singular, vocative], jęčьmy [singular, vocative], ęčьmeni [dual, vocative], jęčьmeni [dual, vocative], ęčьmene [plural, vocative], jęčьmene [plural, vocative]
  1. barley Wikipedia link: Oleg Trubachyov, Rick Derksen Tags: masculine, reconstruction

Download JSON data for (j)ęčьmy meaning in All languages combined (10.5kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "ѩчьмꙑ",
            "3": "ѩчьмень"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: ѩчьмꙑ (jęčĭmy), ѩчьмень (jęčĭmenĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: ѩчьмꙑ (jęčĭmy), ѩчьмень (jęčĭmenĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "ѧчмень"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: ѧчмень (jačmenʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: ѧчмень (jačmenʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "ячме́нь"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: ячме́нь (jačmjénʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: ячме́нь (jačmjénʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ячмі́нь"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: ячмі́нь (jačmínʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: ячмі́нь (jačmínʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "ячме́нь"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: ячме́нь (jačménʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: ячме́нь (jačménʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ѩчьнѣнъ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: ѩчьнѣнъ (jęčĭněnŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: ѩчьнѣнъ (jęčĭněnŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⱗⱍⱐⱀⱑⱏ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱗⱍⱐⱀⱑⱏ (jęčĭněŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱗⱍⱐⱀⱑⱏ (jęčĭněŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "ечеми́к",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: ечеми́к (ečemík)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Bulgarian: ечеми́к (ečemík)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "ја́чмен"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: ја́чмен (jáčmen)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: ја́чмен (jáčmen)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "јѐчам"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: јѐчам",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: јѐчам, [Term?], [Term?]"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "jèčam"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: jèčam",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: jèčam, jȅčmēn, jȁčmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "jéčmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: jéčmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: jéčmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "jěčmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: jěčmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: jěčmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ječmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ječmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ječmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "jiczmë"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: jiczmë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: jiczmë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "jącmin"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: jącmin",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: jącmin"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "jęczmień"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: jęczmień",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: jęczmień"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "jačmeň"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: jačmeň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: jačmeň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "jacmjeń"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: jacmjeń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: jacmjeń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "ječmjeń"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ječmjeń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: ječmjeń"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enk-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀκοστή",
        "3": "",
        "4": "barley"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "acus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bran; awn",
        "id": "bran"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin acus (“bran; awn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ēar",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear of grain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēar (“ear of grain”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰",
        "3": "",
        "4": "awn; chaff"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "āk",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear, awn"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂eḱ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sharp, pointed; awn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Early Proto-Slavic *ińčímūn. Unknown. Sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”) (see *ǫkotь (“hook”)), but the semantics are dubious. Alternatively, to Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”), Latin acus (“bran; awn”), Old English ēar (“ear of grain”), Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”), Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”), though Beekes rejects the Greek connection. This suffers phonetic problems, namely that *č is unexpected and the nasal vowel would be unexplained. A third possibility is substrate origin, like many other agricultural terms in Indo-European.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьmi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьmi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "stem": "n"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(j)ęčьmy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined language links",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barley"
      ],
      "id": "en-(j)ęčьmy-sla-pro-noun-16nq0LFc",
      "links": [
        [
          "barley",
          "barley"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Oleg Trubachyov",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "(j)ęčьmy"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "ѩчьмꙑ",
            "3": "ѩчьмень"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: ѩчьмꙑ (jęčĭmy), ѩчьмень (jęčĭmenĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: ѩчьмꙑ (jęčĭmy), ѩчьмень (jęčĭmenĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "ѧчмень"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: ѧчмень (jačmenʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: ѧчмень (jačmenʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "ячме́нь"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: ячме́нь (jačmjénʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: ячме́нь (jačmjénʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ячмі́нь"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: ячмі́нь (jačmínʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: ячмі́нь (jačmínʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "ячме́нь"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: ячме́нь (jačménʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: ячме́нь (jačménʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ѩчьнѣнъ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: ѩчьнѣнъ (jęčĭněnŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: ѩчьнѣнъ (jęčĭněnŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⱗⱍⱐⱀⱑⱏ",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱗⱍⱐⱀⱑⱏ (jęčĭněŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⱗⱍⱐⱀⱑⱏ (jęčĭněŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "ечеми́к",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Bulgarian: ечеми́к (ečemík)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Bulgarian: ечеми́к (ečemík)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "ја́чмен"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: ја́чмен (jáčmen)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: ја́чмен (jáčmen)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "јѐчам"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: јѐчам",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: јѐчам, [Term?], [Term?]"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "jèčam"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian: jèčam",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian: jèčam, jȅčmēn, jȁčmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "jéčmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: jéčmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: jéčmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "jěčmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: jěčmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: jěčmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ječmen"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ječmen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ječmen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "jiczmë"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: jiczmë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: jiczmë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "jącmin"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: jącmin",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: jącmin"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "jęczmień"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: jęczmień",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: jęczmień"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "jačmeň"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: jačmeň",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: jačmeň"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "jacmjeń"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: jacmjeń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: jacmjeń"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "ječmjeń"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: ječmjeń",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: ječmjeń"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enk-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀκοστή",
        "3": "",
        "4": "barley"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "acus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bran; awn",
        "id": "bran"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin acus (“bran; awn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ēar",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear of grain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ēar (“ear of grain”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰",
        "3": "",
        "4": "awn; chaff"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "txb",
        "2": "āk",
        "3": "",
        "4": "ear, awn"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂eḱ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sharp, pointed; awn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Early Proto-Slavic *ińčímūn. Unknown. Sometimes linked to Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”) (see *ǫkotь (“hook”)), but the semantics are dubious. Alternatively, to Ancient Greek ἀκοστή (akostḗ, “barley”), Latin acus (“bran; awn”), Old English ēar (“ear of grain”), Gothic 𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 (ahana, “awn; chaff”), Tocharian B āk (“ear, awn”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed; awn”), though Beekes rejects the Greek connection. This suffers phonetic problems, namely that *č is unexpected and the nasal vowel would be unexplained. A third possibility is substrate origin, like many other agricultural terms in Indo-European.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьmь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьmi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьmi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmenьxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmenьxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmeni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jęčьmene",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "stem": "n"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(j)ęčьmy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic masculine n-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic n-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic nouns",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from substrate languages",
        "Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Serbo-Croatian term requests",
        "Undetermined language links",
        "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
        "Undetermined terms with quotations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "barley"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "barley",
          "barley"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Oleg Trubachyov",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "(j)ęčьmy"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.